On Europe Day, the RoEM team analyzed Romania’s key economic indicators since joining the EU, comparing them with five other regional reference states. All six countries, which joined in 2004 and 2007, show strong growth trends, highlighting the economic benefits of EU membership for Eastern European countries.

The first indicator, GDP per capita (PPP), measures economic efficiency across countries.

Romania’s GDP per capita has grown almost continuously since joining, with the highest growth rate in the region, surpassing Bulgaria and catching up with Hungary and Slovakia. In 2007, Romania’s GDP per capita was 41% of the EU average; recent estimates place it at 78%, showing clear convergence.

The second indicator, monthly net income (PPP), reflects living standards.

Romania’s net income has also grown steadily, with a slightly higher growth rate than other regional countries. In 2023, Romania surpassed Hungary in average net wages. However, Romania remains near the bottom in Europe for this indicator, and Hungary leads when nominal exchange rates are considered.

The third indicator, foreign direct investment (FDI) balance, measures the attractiveness of the domestic market to EU investors.

Romania has become increasingly attractive for foreign investors post-EU accession. Despite high growth in FDI, Romania has lagged behind the Czech Republic and Poland and has only a minor lead over Hungary.

The final indicator examines the impact of free access to European markets on Romania’s economy, measuring export values.

While regional exports are growing, Romania has not fully capitalized on EU membership opportunities. Poland, the Czech Republic, and Hungary outperform Romania in both absolute values and export growth rates. Improving product and service quality, increasing international business orientation, and enhancing economic competitiveness are crucial for Romania’s future growth as an EU member.